FAQ's


Question: TURBOS - ¿Le hace falta a mi turbo un restrictor de aceite?
Answer:

Oil requirements depend on the turbo's bearing system type. Garrett has two types of bearing systems; traditional journal bearing; and ball bearing. The journal bearing system in a turbo functions very similarly to the rod or crank bearings in an engine. These bearings require enough oil pressure to keep the components separated by a hydrodynamic film. If the oil pressure is too low, the metal components will come in contact causing premature wear and ultimately failure. If the oil pressure is too high, leakage may occur from the turbocharger seals. With that as background, an oil restrictor is generally not needed for a journal-bearing turbocharger except for those applications with oil-pressure-induced seal leakage. Remember to address all other potential causes of leakage first (e.g., inadequate/improper oil drain out of the turbocharger, excessive crankcase pressure, turbocharger past its useful service life, etc.) and use a restrictor as a last resort. Garrett distributors can tell you the recommended range of acceptable oil pressures for your particular turbo. Restrictor size will always depend on how much oil pressure your engine is generating-there is no single restrictor size suited for all engines. Ball-bearing turbochargers can benefit from the addition of an oil restrictor, as most engines deliver more pressure than a ball bearing turbo requires. The benefit is seen in improved boost response due to less windage of oil in the bearing. In addition, lower oil flow further reduces the risk of oil leakage compared to journal-bearing turbochargers. Oil pressure entering a ball-bearing turbocharger needs to be between 40 psi and 45 psi at the maximum engine operating speed. For many common passenger vehicle engines, this generally translates into a restrictor with a minimum of 0.040" diameter orifice upstream of the oil inlet on the turbocharger center section. Again, it is imperative that the restrictor be sized according to the oil pressure characteristics of the engine to which the turbo is attached. Always verify that the appropriate oil pressure is reaching the turbo. The use of an oil restrictor can (but not always) help ensure that you have the proper oil flow/pressure entering the turbocharger, as well as extract the maximum performance.

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Question: TURBOS - ¿Cual es/que causa la holgura axial?
Answer:

Shaft play is caused by the bearings in the center section of the turbo wearing out over time. When a bearing is worn, shaft play, a side to side wiggling motion of the shaft occurs. This in turn causes the shaft to scrape against the inside of the turbo and often produces a high-pitched whine or whizzing noise. This is a potentially serious condition that can lead to internal damage or complete failure of the turbine wheel or the turbo itself.

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Question: TURBOS - ¿Que holgura debe tener mi turbo de doble cojinete de rodamientos?
Answer:

The Garrett full ball-bearing turbo is designed to have clearance between the bearing cartridge and center housing for hydrodynamic damping in addition to the internal clearances of the bearing cartridge itself. Hydrodynamic damping uses the incompressible properties of a liquid (oil in this case) and the space around the bearing cartridge to dampen the shaft motion of the rotating assembly. When the turbo is new, or has not operated for a long period of time allowing most of the oil to drain out, the rotating assembly will move more in the radial direction than a typical journal-bearing turbo because there is no oil in the center housing. This condition is normal. As long as the shaft wheel spins freely and the wheels don't contact their respective housings, the assembly will function properly.

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Question: TURBOS - Cuales son los principales problemas a resolver cuando instalas turbos?
Answer:

La calibración del motor - fueling and ignition timing. Under boost, it is crucial that there is no engine-killing detonation occurring within the cylinder. This is done by fine tuning the air/fuel ratio a bit rich to help cool the combustion gas, and by tuning the ignition advance curve to ensure that combustion chamber pressures stay below the level that causes unburned fuel to ignite ahead of the advancing flame front.

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Question: INTERCOOLERS - ¿Cual es la efectividad de un intercooler y como la puedo medir?
Answer:

Effectiveness is defined as the ratio of how many degrees of temperature that were removed from the charge air by the intercooler to the original temperature that is put into the charge air by the turbo. Example: If the turbo compresses the charge air to a temperature of 140° F, but after passing through the intercooler the air is 115° cooler (resulting in a 25° F charge air temperature), the efficiency would be: Effectiveness: 115/140 = 0.82 or 82% efficiency Typically, air-to-air intercoolers for normal street applications range between 60% and 70% efficiency. Often, liquid-to-air intercoolers have effectiveness ratings from 75% to 95%. One common method of improving the cooling of the charge air dramatically in an air-to-water intercooler is the inclusion of ice as a coolant.

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Question: RESOLUCION DE PROBLEMAS- ¿Como identificar un problema?
Answer:

Nearly all turbocharger-related problems are the result of a handful of causes. Knowing how to recognize the symptoms of these issues early and link them with causes will help you save (down) time and money.

The chart below outlines the probable causes and noticeable conditions of the most common turbocharger maladies as well as what you can do to solve them.

By using this chart, most turbocharger problems can be easily identified and rectified.

Download the Garrett® Turbocharger Troubleshooting Guide

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Question: OTROS - ¿Que es el "exducer"?
Answer:

Mirando la rueda compresora desde arriba, el "exducer" es el diámetro mayor de la rueda. Sin embargo en la turbina, el "exducer" es el diámetro menor. El "exducer" en cualquier caso, es por donde el flujo de gases sale. El diámetro del "exducer" de la rueda compresora está incorporado a la nomenclatura de las series GT.  El "60" en el modelo GT2860RS por ejemplo, significa que la rueda compresora tiene un diámetro de 60mm.

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Question: OTROS - ¿Que es el "inducer"?
Answer:

Mirando la rueda compresora desde arriba, el "inducer" es el diámetro menor de la rueda.  Sim embargo para la turbina, el "inducer" es el diámetro mayor. El "inducer" en cualquier caso es por donde entra el flujo de gases.

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Question: OTROS - Como ajustar la relación de compresión?
Answer:

The easiest and most effective way to accomplish this is through the use of either higher/lower compression pistons, and/or using a head gasket of a different thickness.

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Question: OTROS - ¿Que mantenimiento adicional necesita mi turbo?
Answer:

Bien, un aceite limpio es extremadamente importante para el turbo. Lo mejor es cambiar el aceite en los intervalos recomendados por el fabricante. El rendimiento del turbo es muy sensible a las condiciones en que entra el aire en el turbo. Un filtro de aire obstruido o sucio puede afectar drasticamente al rendimiento del turbo. Los filtros de aire deben ser inspeccionados con cada cambio de aceite y sustituidos cada 15.000-20.000 Km. NOTA: Nunca debemos exceder los intervalos recomendados de cambio de aceite y filtros.ter change intervals.

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Question: OTROS - ¿El reloj del turbo mide la velocidad del turbo?
Answer:

The "turbo gauge", commonly called a boost gauge, does not measure turbine speed. It measures the intake manifold pressure. Under light loads the boost gauge will indicate a vacuum due to the turbocharger shaft not rotating fast enough to create positive pressure (boost). Once load (throttle position) increases, the boost gauge will indicate a positive pressure.

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Question: OTROS - Are oil deposits indicative of impending turbo failure? There is blue/black smoke, is my turbo going bad?
Answer:

El humo azul o negro can be caused by numerous conditions, and one of them could be a turbocharger worn past its useful service life. The following are potential reasons that blue/black smoke could occur:

  •   Clogged air filter element or obstructed air intake duct. This condition creates a vacuum due to high differential pressure resulting in oil drawn    into the compressor and subsequently burned during engine combustion.
  •   Engine component problems; i.e. worn piston rings or liners, valve seals, fuel pump, fuel injectors, etc.
  •   Obstructed oil drain on turbocharger resulting in pressure building inside the center housing and forcing oil past the turbocharger seals
  •   Damaged turbocharger or turbocharger worn past its useful service life
  •   Black smoke is also sometimes indicative of too rich an air/fuel mixture.

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Question: OTROS - ¿Que otros sistemas se ven afectados por la turboalimentación? (Combustible, aceite, refrigeración, transmisión, etc)
Answer:

Hay múltiples factores a tener en cuenta cuando decidimos turboalimentar un motor de aspiración natural como:

  • ¿Es el sistema de alimentación de combustible capaz de suminstrar más cantidad?
  • ¿Están los sistemas de refrigeración y lubricación preparados para la potencia y calor extra que vamos a generar ?
  • ¿Está el embrague y la transmisión preprada para los sobreesfuerzos que vamos a producir?
  • Etc...

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Question: OTROS - ¿En que debo fijarme a la hora de comprar un turbo?
Answer:
  1. Condition of the turbine housing - inspect for cracks on the exterior and inside the inlet of the housing. If the housing has cracks then the housing needs to be replaced.
  2. Condition of the turbine and compressor wheels - inspect for cracks and damaged blades. If either of the wheels are damaged then the wheel (s) need to be replaced and the center section balanced.
  3. Condition of the bearings - spin the turbocharger shaft and check for roughness. If roughness is detected then the turbocharger needs to be disassembled and the internal components inspected and replaced if necessary.
  4. The most important factor is to make sure the turbo is the proper one for your application. A properly matched turbo will provide better performance and more reliable operation. A properly matched turbo includes matched turbine and compressor wheel sizes and appropriate housings.

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TurboMaster es una empresa dedicada desde su fundación en 1980 al mundo del turbocompresor en exclusiva., más de 35 años de experiencia nos avalan en conocimientos y servicios, que ponemos a su entera disposición. 
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